Basic Science Guides for JSS 2 You and the Environment

 

BASIC SCIENCE 

THEME – YOU AND THE ENVIRONMENT 

TOPIC 1 – DRUG ABUSE 

 

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

1. Films

2. Charts

3. Costumes

 

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. list methods of drug use.

2. identify some common ways youth misuse drugs.

3. discuss social risk factors in drug abuse.

4. recognize that sharing injection needles makes HIV/AIDS infection rate higher among drug users.

 

CONTENTS OF THE LESSON

FOCUS LESSONS 

1. Methods of drug use – inhaling, injecting, smoking, etc.

 

2. Common ways of misusing drugs.

3. Social risk factors in drug abuse: broken homes, peer influence, materialistic value, etc.

 

LESSON PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

The teacher,

1. leads discussion on common ways of using drugs and resultant complications.

2. guides discussion on social factors in the home, school or community that lead to drug abuse.

3. guides students to produce drama sketches on influence and consequences of drug abuse.

 

STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

The students,

1. participate in discussions.

 

2. tell stories to illustrate the influence of social factors in drug abuse.

3. short drama sketches on the influence of drugs and its consequences.

 

LESSON EVALUATION

Students to,

1. mention 5 methods of drug use.

2. state 3 ways in which drugs are misused.

3. identify two social factors leading to drug abuse.

4. suggest ways of preventing drug abuse among youths.

5. explain the dangers in wrong use of injection needles.

 

BASIC SCIENCE 

THEME – ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

TOPIC 2 – ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION – AIR POLLUTION

 

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

1. Film

2. Pictures on pollution

3. Charts

 

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

 

1. define air pollution.

2. list some air pollutants.

3. identify sources of air pollution.

4. discuss the effects of air pollution.

5. discuss the different methods of pollution control.

 

CONTENTS OF THE LESSON

FOCUS LESSONS 

1. Definition of air pollution

2. Sources of air pollution

3. Consequences of air pollution

4. Control measure

 

LESSON PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

The teacher,

1. leads discussion on air pollution.

2. arranges a class visit to a nearby factory/industry.

3. uses charts, films and pictures to guide class on the consequences and control measures.

 

STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

The students,

1. participate in discussions.

2. visit a factory and take notes.

3. watch films and pictures on air pollution.

 

LESSON EVALUATION

Students to,

1. define air pollution.

2. name three air pollutants.

3. list 3 sources of air pollution.

4. discuss the effects of air pollutants from a factory on the people and environment near it.

5. state two ways of controlling air pollution.

 

BASIC SCIENCE 

THEME – ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

TOPIC 3 – SOIL POLLUTION

 

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

1. Film

2. Pictures of polluted land

3. Polluted soil samples

 

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. define soil pollution.

2. list soil pollutants.

3. discuss the effects of soil pollution.

4. suggest how soil pollution can be controlled.

 

CONTENTS OF THE LESSON

FOCUS LESSONS 

1. Definition of soil pollution.

2. Types of soil pollutants:

  • agricultural
  • chemical
  • non-biodegradable materials.

3. Effects of soil pollution e.g. kills soil organisms, reduces nutrient values, poor plant yield.

 

4. Control measures: recycling of non-biodegradable materials.

 

LESSON PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

The teacher,

1. leads discussion on soil pollution.

2. organizes a visit to a site of polluted soil.

3. brings polluted soil samples and illustrates its effects on life (plants and animals).

 

STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

The students,

1. participate in discussions.

2. take record of soil pollutants from the visit to site.

3. observe polluted soil samples and take notes.

 

LESSON EVALUATION

Students to,

 

1. define soil pollution.

2. give 5 examples of soil pollutants.

3. explain 2 effects of soil pollution.

4. suggest 2 methods by which soil pollution can be controlled.

 

BASIC SCIENCE 

THEME – ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

TOPIC 4 – WATER POLLUTION

 

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

1. Charts on water filtration

2. Utensils and materials for filtration –  

  • bucket
  • funnel
  • stove
  • pot
  • filter paper
  • sieve, etc.

 

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

 

1. define water pollution.

2. identify water pollutants and their effects.

3. list causes of water pollution.

4. mention ways of reducing the risk of water pollution.

5. describe how water pollution can be controlled.

 

CONTENTS OF THE LESSON

FOCUS LESSONS 

1. Definition of environmental and water pollution

2. Causes of water pollution

  • domestic/industrial waste
  • fertilizer insecticide
  • oil spillage, etc.

3. Consequences of water pollution.

4. Control measures.

 

LESSON PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

The teacher,

1. leads discussion on water pollution.

2. organizes a visit to a site of polluted water.

3. using charts, leads discussion on different problems of water pollution and their solutions.

4. guides activity on water boiling and filtration.

5. leads discussion on pollution control.

 

STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

The students,

1. participate in discussions.

2. visit an identified site.

3. write down chalkboard summary.

4. carry out activity on water boiling and filtration.

 

LESSON EVALUATION

Students to,

1. define water pollution.

2. name 3 examples of water pollutants.

3. state 3 major causes of water pollution in the community.

4. briefly explain the consequences of water pollution to the environment and man.

5. write a report on the field visit to a polluted water site.

 

BASIC SCIENCE 

THEME – ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

TOPIC 5 – WATER POLLUTION

 

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

1. Charts on water filtration

2. Utensils and materials for filtration,

 

  • bucket
  • funnel
  • stove
  • pot
  • filter paper
  • sieve, etc.

 

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

 

1. identify types of diseases.

2. describe the different modes of transfer of diseases.

3. mention disease vectors.

4. list ways of preventing diseases.

5. analyze the consequences of contracting diseases or infections.

 

CONTENTS OF THE LESSON

FOCUS LESSONS 

1. Types of Diseases

2. Modes of transfer

3. Disease vectors.

4. Disease prevention,

 

  • sanitation
  • education
  • immunization
  • choice of life partners, etc.

4. Consequences of contracting diseases on the

  • family
  • individual
  • society

 

LESSON PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

The teacher,

1. brings posters/pictures of diseased persons to the class.

2. guides class discussion.

3. invites guest speakers to talk to students on:

 

  • disease types
  • mode of contracting infection
  • disease vectors
  • preventive method

 

STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

The students,

1. participate in class discussion and listen to guest lecture.

2. ask and answer questions.

3. take notes.

 

LESSON EVALUATION

Students to,

 

1. list five types of diseases.

2. state their causes and modes of transmission.

3. identify 3 disease vectors.

4. mention three ways of preventing diseases.

5. list four consequences of contracting diseases/infections.

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